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The European Union (hereinafter, the EU) has adopted labels, geographical indications, which aim to identify foodstuffs whose quality or reputation is essentially linked to their geographical origin. The concept of geographical indication (hereinafter, GI) thus makes it possible to protect a terroir and traditional savoir-faire, which are specific to a locality. The EU wishes to protect its geographical indications abroad to prevent the appearance of ersatz products in the face of the risks of usurpation. Its normative export takes place mainly in regional trade agreements. Is the export of the GI concept in trade agreements a tool for preserving biodiversity? The normativity of the EU would benefit from being internationalized since geographical indications could protect savoir-faire that has environmental virtues, in relation to biodiversity. The protection of the terroir is possible thanks to the need to respect precise specifications. It leads producers to preserve their soils and biodiversity because it is what gives added value to their protected products, compared to traditional products. Although this issue is not advertised by the EU to its trading partner, it would be relevant to prove that GIs can be an effective tool in contributing to a sustainable world.
